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M9550823.TXT
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1995-03-25
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Document 0823
DOCN M9550823
TI Adherence of human immunodeficiency virus-infected lymphocytes to fetal
placental cells: a model of maternal --> fetal transmission.
DT 9505
AU Schwartz DH; Sharma UK; Perlman EJ; Blakemore K; Department of Molecular
Microbiology and Immunology, Johns; Hopkins University School of Hygiene
and Public Health,; Baltimore, MD 21205.
SO Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Feb 14;92(4):978-82. Unique Identifier :
AIDSLINE MED/95166815
AB The precise timing and mechanism of in utero human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV) infection are unknown, but transplacental transmission is
likely. Term placentas from HIV+ pregnancies contain only rare
HIV-infected cells whose origins and phenotypes remain controversial,
and no correlation has been found between the presence of HIV in term
placentas and transmission to offspring. Reports of trophoblast
infectibility have not been reproducible and do not address the question
of infection in the placental stroma, the cells in direct contact with
fetal circulation. We report that primary cultures of fetal placental
chorionic villus stromal cells, while not infectable in vitro, do
support lethally irradiated HIV-infected peripheral blood mononuclear
cells (PBMCs) in a form that permits rescue of HIV by activated PBMCs
weeks later. Infected PBMCs adhere and become intimately associated with
placental cells by a mechanism that is LFA-1 and CD4 independent but can
be blocked by antibodies or soluble CD4 binding to cell
surface-expressed HIV envelope. The ability to sustain infected
irradiated cells was not shared by several trophoblast, fibroblast, or
epithelial cell lines. This model has several features that are
compatible with in utero transmission and allow testing of various
agents proposed as interventions to block maternal-->fetal transmission.
Placental stromal cells appear to inhibit apoptosis of HIV-infected,
irradiated lymphocytes.
DE Antibodies, Monoclonal/IMMUNOLOGY/PHARMACOLOGY Antigens, CD3/IMMUNOLOGY
Antigens, CD4/IMMUNOLOGY *Cell Adhesion Cells, Cultured
Complement/PHARMACOLOGY *Disease Transmission, Vertical Hela Cells
Human HIV Infections/*TRANSMISSION HIV-1/*ISOLATION & PURIF
Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1/IMMUNOLOGY
Lymphocytes/*CYTOLOGY/VIROLOGY Phenotype Phytohemagglutinins
Placenta/*CYTOLOGY/DRUG EFFECTS/EMBRYOLOGY Proviruses/ISOLATION & PURIF
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
Zidovudine/PHARMACOLOGY JOURNAL ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).